Intermolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction via catalytic halide activation

ORGN 117

Gregory R. Cook, Gregory.Cook@ndsu.edu, Miho Kaneko, miho.kaneko@ndsu.edu, and Ryuji Hayashi, ryuji.hayashi@ndsu.edu. Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, 1231 Albrecht Avenue, P.O. Box 5516, Fargo, ND 58105-5516
The Frieldel-Crafts reaction is one of the most important C-C bond formations in the field of organic synthesis. In general, because nucleophilicity of aromatic compounds are relatively low, severe conditions such as stoichiometric amounts of Lewis Acids, high temperatures, and large excess of arenes are classic problems in intermolecular Friedel-Crafts reactions with alkyl halides. To overcome these limitations, there has been growing interest in catalytic, mild, and more eco-friendly methods. Our recent discovery that In(III) salts were able to activate halides catalytically under mild conditions for the intermolecular Friedel–Crafts cyclization prompted us to explore this highly efficient activation in intermolecular Friedel–Crafts reactions. The alkylation of p-xylene with allylic and benzylic halides was demonstrated under catalytic and mild condition to afford in some cases quantitative yields of the monoalkylated products without the need to employ large excesses of reactants.