Triazolone formation in the synthesis of a PPAR alpha agonist: Development of a robust impurity control strategy

ORGN 9

Jared W. Fennell, Fennell_Jared_W@Lilly.com, Steven E. Dunlap, Robert Metzler, Jeffrey T. Vicenzi, and John A. Werner, jwerner@lilly.com. Chemical Product Research and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285
An orally-active selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha agonist, compound 1, is under development for the regulation of serum triglycerides and HDL levels. The current route of synthesis is highly convergent with reaction of an activated carboxylic acid species with a semicarbazide followed by subsequent acid-catalyzed formation of a triazolone ring in the penultimate step. This methodology has been demonstrated to provide material at multi-kilogram quantities. Due to competitive side reactions during triazolone ring formation, nearly a third of the molar quantity of compound converts to impurities. Appropriate processing operations were developed with special attention to a robust crystallization protocol to enable the removal of these impurities. As a result, the product reproducibly maintains a very low total impurities profile.