Amplification of a molecular Solomon knot

ORGN 684

Cari D. Pentecost, Kelly S. Chichak, Andrea J. Peters, Stuart J. Cantrill, and J. Fraser Stoddart, stoddart@chem.ucla.edu. California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569
The four-noded, two-component link known as the Solomon Knot (SK) has been said to contain all of the wisdom of King Solomon. For several centuries, many cultures have adopted this emblem to represent knowledge. SKs can be found in many different settings from adorning the crowns of African kings to being incorporated into the architecture of university libraries. With the advent of new synthetic methodologies that are advancing under the umbrella of template-directed synthesis, chemists are beginning more and more to appreciate the subtleties of topologically interesting structures, and have consequently pursued the synthesis of their molecular analogues. For example, the complete molecular construction of the Borromean ring (BR) topology and its derivatives has been achieved successfully from 18 individual components under strict dynamic covalent, coordinative and supramolecular control. In a similar fashion, we have recently obtained the SK molecular topology from 12 individual components, resulting from mixing Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal templates in a 1:1 ratio, leading to the formation of the SKs in preference to the BRs. This finding suggests that, in these dynamic mechanically interlocked systems, there is present, under the appropriate conditions, a dynamic combinatorial library, from which it is possible, during a crystallization process that is kinetically controlled, to amplify (Box) one of the members of the library.