Towards macroscopic artificial muscles

ORGN 758

Jishan Wu, wuj@chem.ucla.edu, Ken C-F. Leung, Ja-Young Han, Stuart J. Cantrill, Diego Benitez, and J. Fraser Stoddart. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569
A variety of materials, such as conducting polymers, dielectric elastomers, shape-memory alloys, or ionic polymers sandwiched between electrodes, and carbon nanotubes have been investigated as candidates for artificial muscles. All these systems, however, rely mainly upon the response of bulk materials rather than on individual molecular behavior. Nano-scale molecules with controlled motions mimicking real muscles have been reported by several groups.[3,4] The integration of these molecular muscles into macroscopic thin-film muscles is our final target. Here, we report a doubly-threaded rotaxane (16+ in Box) in which two crown ether loops can glide along two interlocked filaments under acid/base control behaving like muscles. The flexible ethylene oxide chains at the termini should render the compound liquid crystalline. Attachment of acrylate units ( 26+ in Box) at the end of the ethylene oxide chains allows us to make cross-linked thin films whose macroscopic size and shape can be controlled by acid/base stimuli.