Efficient photochemical synthesis of formylaminobenzaldehydes from indoles substituted at C5

CHED 389

Claire Knezevic, Scripps College, Claremont, CA 91711 and Thomas Poon, tpoon@jsd.claremont.edu, Joint Science Department, Claremont McKenna, Pitzer, and Scripps Colleges, W.M. Keck Science Center, 925 N. Mills Ave., Claremont, CA 91711.
A new one-step reaction was developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted benzenes from C5-substituted indoles. Using NaY zeolites as nanoscopic reaction vessels, indoles containing electron withdrawing groups at C5 are photooxidized. The reaction occurs via the addition of oxygen to the double bond of the pyrrole ring and subsequent thermal cleavage to form the polysubstituted benzenes. At optimal ratios of indole to zeolite (1 substrate per 4 supercages), this reaction results in few or no by-products and occurs at 100% conversion. This reaction can be carried out on a larger scale to yield hundreds of milligrams of product without the loss of selectivity or a decrease in conversion. The feasibility of photooxidizing 5-nitroindole presents the potential for generating new photocleavable linkers for biological targets.