Synthesis and optical properties of donor–acceptor purines

ORGN 518

Roslyn S. Butler, Andrea K. Myers, Prabhu Bellarmine, Khalil A. Abboud, and Ronald K. Castellano, castellano@chem.ufl.edu. Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200
Donor–acceptor purines with various donor groups in the C(2)- and C(6)-positions of the heterocycle and either a nitrile or methyl ester acceptor in the C(8)-position have been efficiently prepared. Central to the synthesis of the nitrile derivatives is an optimized palladium-catalyzed cyanation reaction at C(8) beginning from the appropriate bromide precursor. Subsequent methanolysis provides the corresponding ester derivatives. The absorption and luminescence properties of the compounds have been studied in organic solution where relatively high fluorescence quantum yields are measured (e.g., for D1 = NH2, D2 = N(CH3)2, and A = CN in dichloromethane: λex = 320 nm, λex = 370 nm, and ΦF = 0.17). Crystal structures of two isomeric nitriles with interchanged donor groups allow direct comparison of hydrogen bonding and antiparallel π-stacking patterns as well as bond lengths in the solid state.