Acid catalyzed addition of alcohols to monofluoroterminal alkenes

CHED 344

Nicole N. M. Acosta, nacosta@ptloma.edu, Dale F. Shellhamer, dshellham@ptloma.edu, and Victor L. Heasley, vheasley@pltoma.edu. Department of Chemistry, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr, San Diego, CA 92106
Acid catalyzed reactions of alcohols to 2-fluoro-1-alkenes (1) and 1-fluoro-1-alkenes (2) are presented. The carbenium ion develops on carbon number-2 when the fluorine is on the number-2 carbon as described by intermediate 3 below. With 1-fluoro-1-alkenes the carbenium ion can be on carbon-2, a secondary carbon as in 4; or the cation can be on carbon-1, a primary carbon that is resonance stabilized by fluorine as shown in 5. The energies of model intermediate cations were calculated at the MP2 level using a 6-331+G** basis set on the Spartan02 program. Experimental data are correlated with these calculated energies.