Microwave-accelerated synthesis of substituted 3,6 di(2 pyridyl)-pyridazines: Unexpected retro Diels-Alder reactions with aliphatic ketones

ORGN 641

Richard Hoogenboom, r.hoogenboom@tue.nl, Brian C. Moore, Brian.C.Moore@directory.reed.edu, and Ulrich S. Schubert, u.s.schubert@tue.nl. Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Nanoscience, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands
3,6 Di(2 pyridyl)-pyridazines are interesting compounds since they can self-assemble with copper(I) ions into [2×2] grid-like metal complexes. Functionalized 3,6 di(2 pyridyl)-pyridazines can be synthesized via retro Diels-Alder reaction between 3,6 di(2 pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine 1 and various acetylenes. To accelerate these retro Diels-Alder reactions, microwave irradiation was explored to quickly and efficiently heat the reaction mixtures. The retro Diels-Alder reaction with 5-hexyn-1-ol could be accelerated from 40 hours reflux in toluene to 30 minutes superheating in dichloromethane (150 ēC) under microwave irradiation. Surprisingly, it was found that microwave-irradiation of tetrazine 1 in acetone (150 ēC) resulted in the formation of 3,6 di(2 pyridyl)-4 methylpyridazine. The observed retro Diels-Alder reaction with acetone occurs presumably via the enol tautomer of acetone. The double bond of this 2-propenol can act as electron-rich dienophile in the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction, which, after the loss of both a nitrogen and a water molecule, results in the formation of 3,6-di(2-pyridyl)-4-methyl-pyridazine 3 (Figure).