Synthetic approaches toward a variety of 6-amino-3-pyridinols, the most effective chain-breaking antioxidants to date

ORGN 504

Maikel Wijtmans, Johan Brinkhorst, Derek A. Pratt, and Ned A. Porter. Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 1822 Station B, Nashville, TN 37235
Previously, we have shown that certain monocyclic and bicyclic 6-amino-3-pyridinols (13) show excellent chain-breaking antioxidant activity in solution (5, 28 and 88 times better than α-tocopherol, 5, respectively). In addition, lipophilic derivatives proved very effective in protecting human Low Density Lipoprotein towards oxidative damage. Inspired by this, a project was launched aimed at gaining efficient access to a wide variety of these compounds for more advanced studies. Early synthetic routes used a reliable but moderately yielding 3-bromopyridine-to-3-pyridinol conversion as the key step. Several attempts were pursued to optimize this conversion. Furthermore, substantially improved synthetic sequences to the bicyclic cores of 2 and 3 will be highlighted. Lastly, the synthesis of a racemic pyridinolic isostere of α-tocopherol, i.e. 4, was accomplished. This route included a novel, strongly solvent-dependent addition of n-alkyllithiums to α,α'-disubstituted-[1,8]-naphthyridines.

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